中老年人多重心血管代谢性疾病与跌倒的关系

The relationship between multiple cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and falls in middle-aged and elderly people

摘要:

目的]探讨中老年人多重心血管代谢性疾病与跌倒的关系。 [方法]利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)第五期数据集,纳入18 968名45岁及以上的中老年人作为研究对象。通过Logistic回归模型分析多重心血管代谢性疾病与跌倒的关系。 [结果]研究对象跌倒、严重跌倒、髋骨骨折的发生率分别为17.3%、6.8%和0.9%。心血管代谢性疾病与跌倒风险呈正相关。与无心血管代谢性疾病的研究对象相比,患有1、2、3、4种心血管代谢性疾病的研究对象发生跌倒的风险分别增加了13%、44%、69%和91%,其OR(95%CI)分别为1.13(1.02～1.25)、1.44(1.29～1.61)、1.69(1.48～1.93)和1.91(1.56～2.32)；严重跌倒的风险分别增加了22%、51%、69%和102%,其OR(95%CI)分别为1.22(1.05～1.42)、1.51(1.27～1.78)、1.69(1.38～2.05)和2.02(1.54～2.66)；患有2、3、4种心血管代谢性疾病的研究对象发生髋骨骨折的风险分别增加了95%、147%和157%,其OR(95%CI)分别为1.95(1.24～3.05)、2.47(1.50～4.07)和2.57(1.26～5.20)。 [结论]多重心血管代谢性疾病显著增加了中老年人发生跌倒的风险。

Abstract:

Aim To explore the relationship between multiple cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and falls in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods Using the fifth dataset of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 18 968 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above were enrolled as study subjects. The relationship between multiple cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and falls was analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results The incidence rates of falls, severe falls and hip fractures in the study subjects were 17.3%, 6.8% and 0.9%, respectively. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases were positively associated with the risk of falls. Compared with study subjects without cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, those with 1,2, 3 and 4 cardiovascular and metabolic diseases had a 13%, 44%, 69% and 91% increased risk of falls, respectively, with OR (95%CI) of 1.13 (1.02～1.25), 1.44 (1.29～1.61), 1.69 (1.48～1.93) and 1.91 (1.56～2.32); the risk of serious falls increased by 22%, 51%, 69% and 102%, respectively, with OR (95%CI) of 1.22 (1.05～1.42), 1.51 (1.27～1.78), 1.69 (1.38～2.05) and 2.02 (1.54～2.66). The risk of hip fractures increased by 95%, 147% and 157% in study subjects with 2,3 and 4 cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, respectively, with OR (95%CI) of 1.95 (1.24～3.05), 2.47 (1.50～4.07) and 2.57 (1.26～5.20). Conclusion Multiple cardiovascular and metabolic diseases significantly increased the risk of falls in middle-aged and elderly people.