TMAO促进血管重构的机制与干预策略进展

Advances in the mechanisms of TMAO-induced vascular remodeling and intervention strategies

摘要:

三甲胺N-氧化物(TMAO)是一种小分子有机化合物。近十年的临床研究表明,其血液水平的升高与心血管疾病(CVD)的发生风险呈正相关。血管重构(VR)是CVD发展过程中的重要病理生理改变,广泛参与高血压和动脉粥样硬化等疾病的发生与发展。现有研究表明,TMAO可通过促进炎症反应、增强氧化应激及诱导血管内皮功能障碍等多种机制参与调控VR的过程。目前针对TMAO的干预策略主要集中在微生物调节上。本文综述了TMAO的来源与代谢途径,总结了其在VR中的潜在致病机制,深入探讨了TMAO在VR中的作用及其作为治疗靶点的潜在应用价值,以期为相关医学研究提供理论参考。

Abstract:

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a small-molecule organic compound. Clinical studies over the past decade have shown that elevated blood levels of TMAO are positively correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Vascular remodeling (VR) is a critical pathophysiological process in the progression of CVD and is widely involved in the onset and development of conditions such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Current research indicates that TMAO participates in regulating the process of VR through various mechanisms, including promoting inflammatory responses, enhancing oxidative stress, and inducing vascular endothelial dysfunction. Present interventional strategies targeting TMAO primarily focus on microbial modulation. This review summarizes the sources and metabolic pathways of TMAO, outlines its potential pathogenic mechanisms in VR, and explores the role of TMAO in VR as well as its potential value as a therapeutic target, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for related medical research.