动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的炎症机制及临床转化新进展

New advances in the inflammatory mechanisms and clinical translation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

摘要:

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病是全球主要致死性疾病之一,其病理基础本质上为慢性炎症。大量证据表明,炎症反应在动脉粥样硬化的发生发展中发挥关键作用,其中免疫细胞与炎症信号通路共同调控血管内炎症微环境,进而加速病变进程。然而,目前靶向抗炎应用仍受制于靶点有限、炎症监测指标缺乏及治疗安全性等问题。本文聚焦动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的炎症机制,系统回顾了免疫细胞及炎症信号通路对其炎症进程的调控作用,从新型炎症标志物与靶点的临床应用、精准干预技术及生活方式管理等多个维度,探讨了潜在的临床转化策略,为构建靶向炎症的精准防治体系提供了新思路。

Abstract:

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is one of the major fatal diseases in the world, and its pathological basis is chronic inflammation in essence. A large amount of evidence shows that inflammation plays a key role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, in which immune cells and inflammatory signal pathways jointly regulate the inflammatory microenvironment in the blood vessels, thereby accelerating the process of disease. However, current targeted anti-inflammatory applications are still limited by issues such as limited targets, lack of inflammatory monitoring indicators, and treatment safety. This article focuses on the inflammatory mechanism of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, systematically reviews the regulatory role of immune cells and inflammatory signaling pathways on its inflammatory process, and discusses the potential clinical transformation strategies from multiple dimensions such as the clinical application of new inflammatory markers and targets, precision intervention technology, and lifestyle management, which provides a new idea for building an accurate prevention and treatment system targeting inflammation.