冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期早期运动康复研究进展

Research advances in early perioperative exercise rehabilitation for coronary artery bypass grafting

摘要:

随着冠心病患病率持续上升,冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的应用日益广泛。CABG患者的围手术期管理至关重要,其中围手术期早期加速术后康复(ERAS),尤其是运动训练,已成为改善CABG患者预后的关键环节。现有证据表明,早期运动训练可显著改善患者的心肺功能、运动耐量及心理状态,同时降低并发症发生率、缩短住院时间并减少医疗成本。本文总结近5年康复研究证据,系统介绍CABG患者围手术期ERAS,重点阐述运动训练的实施内容、临床价值、创新模式及注意事项,旨在为优化运动康复方案提供循证依据。未来仍需进一步探索基于微创技术和移动医疗的个体化康复策略。

Abstract:

As the prevalence of coronary heart disease continues to rise, the application of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has become increasingly widespread. Perioperative management of CABG patients is of critical importance, and early perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), particularly exercise training, has emerged as a key factor in improving outcomes for these patients. Existing evidence indicates that early exercise training significantly improves patients' cardiopulmonary function, exercise tolerance, and psychological status, while reducing complication rates, shortening hospital stays, and lowering medical costs. This article summarizes evidence from rehabilitation studies published in the past five years, providing a systematic introduction to perioperative ERAS for CABG patients, with a focus on the implementation, clinical value, innovative models, and precautions of exercise training. The aim is to provide evidence-based support for optimizing exercise rehabilitation protocols. Future efforts should further explore individualized rehabilitation strategies based on minimally invasive techniques and mobile health.